What does stonewalling refer to in the context of communication?

Stonewalling in communication refers specifically to the act of withdrawing and disengaging from a conversation. This behavior often manifests as silence, avoidance, or an unwillingness to interact, which can create frustration and hinder effective communication. When one party stonewalls, they effectively put up a wall, making it difficult for dialogue to continue. This can lead to unresolved conflicts and can exacerbate tensions in relationships, as the other person may feel ignored or undervalued.

In contrast, the other options presented highlight positive communication strategies, such as engaged dialogue, assertive expression of feelings, and attentive listening. These approaches promote understanding and connection between individuals, unlike stonewalling, which disrupts conversation and collaboration.